气候变迁的冲击与调适

Climate∵Change,∵Impact∵and∵Adaptation

简又新

***永续能源基金会董事长

Abstract

半个世纪以来,气候变迁及地球暖化,造成灾害频传,包括热浪、暴雨、干旱等各种极端气候不断上演,并环环相扣,而格陵兰等冰川大面积融化使得海平面上升,迫使小岛国家面临生存危机。连***也深受极端气候所害,无情的八八风灾是***人一辈子的阴影。随着影响范围日渐扩大,整个世界在能源、水资源、粮食都将产生严重失调。亚洲开发银行(ADB:∵Asian∵Development∵Bank)日前发表的一项研究结果就指出,如果继续忽视气候变迁问题,亚太国家将面临粮食和能源短缺、贫穷问题恶化与作物不断减收等后果。这些气候衍生之问题不仅只会在电视新闻上被报导,它会真实的在每个人生活周遭发生。

During∵the∵past∵half∵century,∵climate∵change∵and∵global∵warming∵have∵caused∵frequent∵disasters∵such∵as∵heat∵waves,∵heavy∵rains,∵and∵droughts;∵all∵these∵disasters∵are∵closely∵connected.∵The∵melting∵of∵glaciers∵in∵Greenland∵is∵causing∵sea∵level∵to∵rise∵and∵threatening∵the∵survival∵of∵island∵nations.∵Taiwan∵is∵also∵severely∵influenced∵by∵extreme∵climates,∵the∵88∵Flood∵will∵haunt∵Taiwanese∵people∵lifelong.∵With∵the∵increase∵of∵the∵affected∵area,∵there∵will∵be∵worldwide∵imbalance∵in∵energy∵resources,∵water∵resources,∵and∵food∵supplies.∵The∵Asian∵Development∵Bank∵(ADB)∵recently∵released∵a∵research∵that∵indicates,∵if∵climate∵change∵continues∵to∵be∵ignored,∵Asian∵Pacific∵countries∵will∵suffer∵consequences∵such∵as∵shortage∵in∵food∵and∵energy,∵worsened∵poverty∵problems,∵and∵continual∵reduction∵of∵crop∵yield.∵These∵climate∵change∵related∵issues∵will∵not∵just∵be∵broadcasting∵on∵television∵news;∵they∵will∵take∵place∵around∵everyone.

根据?合国气候变化纲要公约(UNFCCC:∵United∵Nations∵Framework∵Convention∵on∵Climate∵Change)所提出之应对气候变迁的方式为:「减量」与「调适」。未来全世界将会限制化石燃料等的使用量,迈入低碳经济时代,此蕴含着新兴产业革命机遇与时代的到来,是项挑战,更是个机会,我们应紧抓住这个剧变中之机遇,扭转时势。好比英国从18世纪中叶带动全球第一波工业革命后,经济实力先继被美、中、德、日所超越,不过,英国人仍不放弃再崛起之机会,当全世界把地球暖化视为世纪大威胁时,英国人却把它视为新的机会,盼再创低碳新经济革命。

According∵to∵the∵United∵Nations∵Framework∵Convention∵on∵Climate∵Change∵(UNFCCC),∵reduction∵and∵adaptation∵are∵considered∵as∵solution∵for∵fighting∵against∵the∵threat∵of∵climate∵change.∵In∵the∵future,∵the∵world∵will∵restrict∵petroleum∵fuel∵consumption,∵and∵enter∵an∵age∵of∵low∵carbon∵economy.∵This∵implies∵the∵arrival∵of∵a∵new∵industrial∵revolution.∵It∵will∵be∵a∵challenge∵as∵well∵as∵an∵opportunity.∵We∵must∵seize∵the∵opportunity∵during∵this∵great∵change.∵During∵the∵mid∵18th∵century,∵Great∵Britain∵took∵the∵lead∵of∵the∵first∵wave∵of∵the∵Industrial∵Revolution,∵but∵its∵economic∵strength∵was∵subsequently∵surpassed∵by∵the∵United∵States,∵China,∵Germany,∵and∵Japan.∵However,∵the∵British∵did∵not∵give∵up∵on∵regaining∵the∵edge;∵as∵the∵world∵look∵upon∵global∵warming∵as∵a∵great∵threat∵of∵the∵century,∵the∵British∵considers∵it∵a∵new∵opportunity∵and∵aims∵to∵launch∵a∵low∵carbon∵economy∵revolution.

除了产业上的改变外,个人习惯的「调适」也是至关重要的。***的环境与经济未来面对气候变迁灾难之冲击似乎是无可避免,而根本解决之道在于社会大众意识的觉醒,我们必须改变过去的生活习惯,选择简朴永续之生活型态,齐心携手解决这一世纪最大问题,努力将各种冲击降到最低,为下一代的未来争取最大生机。

Other∵than∵industrial∵and∵economic∵changes,∵personal∵adaptation∵is∵also∵crucial.∵Disasters∵caused∵by∵climate∵change∵will∵have∵inevitable∵impact∵on∵the∵environment∵and∵economy∵of∵Taiwan;∵the∵solution∵rests∵upon∵public∵awareness.∵We∵must∵change∵our∵habits∵and∵choose∵a∵sustainable∵way∵of∵living.∵We∵must∵solve∵the∵greatest∵problem∵of∵this∵century∵together,∵work∵to∵minimize∵its∵impact,∵and∵help∵the∵next∵generation∵survive.

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